ETESTis a well-established method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in microbiology laboratories around the world. ETESTconsists of a predefined gradient of antibiotic concentrations on a plastic strip and is used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of antibiotics, antifungal agents and antimycobacterial agents.
Quantitative MIC data is a prerequisite for the management of critical infections, including sepsis, especially among critical care patients. ETESTfor antimicrobial resistance testing is particularly valuable in such situations, when on-scale MICs are needed for treatment decisions.
ETESTis recognized as a cost-effective tool for generating MICs across 15 dilutions. It can also be used in a macromethod format to optimize resistance detection. More than 100 antibiotics are now available in the product range for testing of aerobic bacteria and fastidious organisms such as Pneumococci, Haemophilus, H. pylori, Meningococci, Gonococci, anaerobes, fungi and mycobacteria.
Uses
Perform antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)Provide MICs for slow-growing and fastidious organisms that have unique growth requirements and cannot be tested by automated methodsTest robust aerobes, anaerobes, pneumococci,menigococci and fastidious organisms such as the HACEK group, Bordetella and FrancisellaDetect and confirm phenotypic resistanceConfirm or detect low-level or new resistance mechanismsEnhance antimicrobial stewardship programsValidate susceptibility resultsGuide antibiotic selection and dosingImprove patient outcomes and lower healthcare-associated expensesDecrease hospital length of stay and associated costs of prolonged hospitalization
For an up-to-date list of available ETESTproducts, please refer to the Specs tab.
Features & Specs
ETESTis a well-established method for antimicrobial resistance testing that brings on-scale MIC testing to all microbiology laboratories.
ETESTpromotes the rational use of antibiotics by providing results to guide the therapy of individual patients and to validate empiric drug regimens.
It is particularly helpful in determining choice and dosage of antimicrobials in patients with sterile site infections (i.e., endocarditis), severe nosocomial infections, chronic infections (i.e., cystic fibrosis) and immunosuppressed patients.
ETESTis also widely used in resistance surveillance programs and clinical trials.
Downloads:
ETESTSingle Pack Blister
Self-contained, individually wrapped ETESTstrips with desiccant.
ETESTSingle Pack Blister packaging option provides the following benefits:
One strip per package eliminates the need to store opened stripsEasy to open with one hand – simply remove strip with forceps or manual applicator deviceStandardized storage conditions (-20°C to +8°C for all antimicrobials)Desiccant within each Single Pack Blister helps ensure stabilityClear, concise labeling on each Single Pack BlisterLot number on outer box and on each individual single packAvailable in boxes of 30 strips
For an up-to-date list of ETESTproducts available:
For information about the many uses of ETEST, by organism, download theETESTApplication Guidehere.
Downloads
ETEST Catalog
ETEST Price List
ETEST Piperacillin/TazobactamFlyer
ETESTImipenem/Relebactam Flyer
ETESTEravacycline Flyer
ETESTDelafloxacinFlyer
ETESTPublications
Antifungal susceptibility testing:
Krogh-Madsen M, Arendrup MC, Heslet L, Knudsen JD. Amphotericin B and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata isolates recovered from a critically ill patient. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42(7):938-944. doi: 10.1086/500939
Landman D, Bratu S, Kochar S, et al. Evolution of antimicrobial resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Brooklyn, NY. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007:60(1);78-82. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkm129
Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Enterobacteriaceae:
ASM Microbe 2017 – Performance of ceftolozane-tazobactam ETEST for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae. University of California, Los Angeles, CA. Poster #: Friday – 424.
Rosenblatt JE. Can we afford to do anaerobic cultures and identification? A positive point of view. Clin Inf Dis. 1997;25:S127-S131.
Streptococci:
Rosser SJ, Alfa MJ, Hoban S, Kennedy J, Harding GK. ETEST versus agar dilution for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Viridans group streptococci.J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(1):26-30.
VRSA:
Tenover FC, Weigel LM, Appelbaum PC, et al. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from a patient in Pennsylvania. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48(1):275-280. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.1.275-280.2004
ESBL:
Stürenburg E, Sobottka I, Noor D, Laufs R, Mack D. Evaluation of a new cefepime–clavulanate ESBL ETEST to detect extended-spectrum β-lactamases in an Enterobacteriaceae strain collection. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;54(1):134-138. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkh274
MIC for critical infections:
VISA:
Walsh TR, Bolmström A, Qwärnström A, et al. Evaluation of current methods for detection of staphylococci with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides. J Clin Microbiol. 2001;39(7):2439-2444. doi: 10.1128/JCM.39.7.2439-2444.2001
Burns JL, Saiman L, Whittier S, et al. Comparison of agar diffusion methodologies for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(5):1818-1822.
Pneumococci:
Chaves F, Campelo C, Sanz F, Otero JR. Meningitis due to mixed infection with penicillin-resistant and penicillin-susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(1);512-513. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.1.512–513.2003
Haemophilus spp.:
Pérez-Vázquez M, Román F, Varela MC, Cantón R, Campos J. Activities of 13 quinolones by three susceptibility testing methods against a collection of Haemophilus influenzae isolates with different levels of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin: evidence for cross-resistance. J Antimicrobiol Chemother. 2003;51(1):147-151. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkg049
VRE:
Alam MR, Donabedian S, Brown W, et al. Heteroresistance to vancomycin in Enterococcus faecium. J Clin Microbiol. 2001;39(9):3379-3381. doi: 10.1128/JCM.39.9.3379-3381.2001
Gram negative non-Fermenters:
Di Bonaventura G, Ricci E, Della Loggia N, Catamo G, Piccolomini R. Evaluation of the ETEST for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with long-term bladder catheterization. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(3):824-826.
Gonococci:
Jones RN, Deshpande LM, Erwin ME, Barrett MS, Beach ML. Anti-gonococcal activity of gemifloxacin against fluoroquinolone-resistant strains and a comparison of agar dilution and ETEST methods. J Antimicrob Chemother.
Bình luận