Hebe Shrubs: Growing And Planting Hebe In The Garden, Hebe (Mythology)
Hebe, Athenian black-figure dinos C6th B.C., British Museum
HEBE was the goddess of youth and the cupbearer of the gods who served ambrosia at the heavenly feast. She was also the patron goddess of the young bride and an attendant of the goddess Aphrodite.
Đang xem: Hebe shrubs: growing and planting hebe in the garden
Herakles (Heracles) received Hebe in marriage upon his ascension to Olympos, a wedding which reconciled the hero with Hebe”s mother Hera.
In Greek vase painting Hebe was depicted either as the bride of Herakles, or the cupbearer of the gods, pouring ambrosia from a pitcher. Sometimes she had wings like the goddesses Iris and Nike.
Hebe”s male counterpart was the boy Ganymedes and her opposite number was Geras (Old Age). She may have been equated with Selene”s daughter Pandeia. Her Roman name was Juventas.
FAMILY OF HEBE
PARENTS
ZEUS & HERA (Hesiod Theogony 921, Homer Odyssey 11. 601, Pindar Isthmian Ode 4, Apollodorus 1.13, Pausanias 2.13.3, Aelian On Animals 17.46, Hyginus Preface)
OFFSPRING
ALEXIARES, ANIKETOS (by Herakles) (Apollodorus 2.158)
ENCYCLOPEDIA
HEBE (Hêbê), the personification of youth, is described as a daughter of Zeus and Hera (Apollod. i. 3. § 1.), and is, according to the Iliad (iv. 2), the minister of the gods, who fills their cups with nectar; she assists Hera in putting the horses to her chariot (v. 722); and she bathes and dresses her brother Ares (v. 905). According to the Odyssey (xi. 603; comp. Hes. Theog.
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950), she was married to Heracles after his apotheosis. Later traditions, however, describe her as having become by Heracles the mother of two sons, Alexiares and Anticetus (Apollod. ii. 7. § 7), and as a divinity who had it in her power to make persons of an advanced age young again. (Ov. Met. ix. 400, &c.) She was worshipped at Athens, where she had an altar in the Cynosarges, near one of Heracles. (Paus. i. 19. § 3.) Under the name of the female Ganymedes (Ganymeda) or Dia, she was worshipped in a sacred grove at Sicyon and Phlius. (Paus. ii. 13. § 3; Strab. viii. p. 382.)
At Rome the goddess was worshipped under the corresponding name of Juventas, and that at a very early time, for her chapel on the Capitol existed before the temple of Jupiter was built there; and she, as well as Terminus, is said to have opposed the consecration of the temple of Jupiter. (Liv. v. 54.) Another temple of Juventas, in the Circus Maximus, was vowed by the consul M. Livius, after the defeat of Hasdrubal, in B. C. 207, and was consecrated 16 years afterwards. (Liv. xxxvi. 36 ; comp. xxi. 62; Dionys. iv. 15, where a temple of Juventas is mentioned as early as the reign of Servius Tullius; August. de Civ. Dei, iv. 23; Plin. H. N. xxix. 4, 14, xxxv. 36, 22.)
Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
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CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES
PARENTAGE & BIRTH OF HEBE
Hebe and the feast of the gods, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., Antikensammlung Berlin
Hesiod, Theogony 921 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :”Lastly, he
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 13 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) :”Zeus married Hera and fathered Hebe, Eileithyia.”
Callimachus, Iambi Fragment 202 (trans. Trypanis) (Greek poet C3rd B.C.) :”Mousa (Muse), I will sing for the little maid . . ((lacuna)) once when Hera was celebrating the feast of the seventh day of her daughter”s birth
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 13. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”Olen
Pseudo-Hyginus, Preface (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :”Again from Jove
HEBE CUPBEARER OF THE GODS
Homer, Iliad 4. 1 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :”Now the gods at the side of Zeus were sitting in council over the golden floor, and among them the goddess Hebe (Youth) poured them nectar as wine, while they in the golden drinking-cups drank to each other, gazing down on the city of the Trojans.”
Euphronius, Fragment (from Scholiast on Aristophanes) (trans. Campbell, Vol Greek Lyric IV Bacchylides, Frag 41) :”According to Euphronios (Euphronius), this is because Basileia (Princess) is a daughter of Zeus; and she seems to look after business connected with immortality, the responsibility of Athena in Bakkhylides (Bacchylides), where she intends to give immortality to Tydeus.”
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 13. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”Hebe (Youth), whom Homer mentions in the duel between Menelaos (Menelaus) and Alexandros (Alexander)
Philostratus the Elder, Imagines 2. 20 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :”Beautiful Hebe (Youth) . . . the youngest of the gods and the one most revered by them, since it is through her that they also are young.”
Cicero, De Natura Deorum 1. 40 (trans. Rackham) (Roman rhetorician C1st B.C.) :”What viands and beverages, what harmonies of music and flowers of various hue, what delights of touch and smell will you assign to the gods, so as to keep them steeped in pleasure? The poets array banquets or nectar and ambrosia, with Juventas (Youth)
Hera and Hebe, Athenian red-figure pelike C5th B.C., Private Collection, Lucerne
Statius, Silvae 3. 1. 27 (trans. Mozley) (Roman poetry C1st A.D.) :”The throne of thy father Jove
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 8. 93 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :”I see Ganymedes come here to pour the wine, that long-haired cowdrover, first in Pergamos then domiciled in Olympos (Olympus), usurping the untouched cup of heavenly Hebe.”
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 14. 430 ff : “Hebe come this way! Take up your pitcher, and bring your Trojan cupbearer who serves with cups the divine company–let Ganymedes draw honeyed drops from this river and fill all the mixing-bowls of Zeus! . . . that nectar of Olympos (Olympus) which they say is the drink of Zeus.”
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 19. 158 ff : “
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 25. 430 ff : “Ganymedes walked among the stars to pour out their
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 27. 241 ff : “All the inhabitants of Olympos (Olympus) were sitting with Zeus in his godwelcoming hall, gathered in full company on golden thrones. As they feasted, fairhair Ganymedes drew delicious nectar from the mixing-bowl and carried it round. For then there was no noise of Akhaian (Achaean) war for the Trojans as once there was, that Hebe with her lovely hair might again mix the cups, and the Trojan cupbearer might be kept apart from the immortals, so as not to hear the fate of his country.”
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 33. 74 ff : “
HEBE HANDMAIDEN OF HERA
Hebe (Youth) and Eileithyia (Birth) were handmaidens of their mother Hera, goddess of marriage. Homer describes her performing various tasks assigned to the “princess” of the house in a typical Homeric palace (cf. Nausikaa (Nausicaa) and Hermione in the Odyssey.)
Homer, Iliad 5. 720 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :”Hera, high goddess, daughter of Kronos the mighty, went away to harness the gold-bridled horses. Then Hebe in speed set about the chariot the curved wheels eight-spoked and brazen, with an axle or iron both ways. Golden is the wheel”s felly imperishable, and outside it is joined, a wonder to look upon, the brazen running-rim, and the silver naves revolve on either side of the chariot, whereas the car itself is lashed fast with plaiting of gold and silver, with double chariot rails that circle about it, and the pole of the chariot is of silver, to whose extremity Hebe made fast the golden and splendid yoke, and fastened the harness, golden and splendid, and underneath the yoke Hera, furious for hate and battle, led the swift-running horses.”
Homer, Iliad 5. 905 ff : “Hebe washed him
Pindar, Nemean Ode 10. 17 ff : “Beside her mother
Pausanias, Description of Greece 8. 9. 2 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”Praxiteles made the images
HEBE BRIDE OF HERACLES
Wedding of Heracles and Hebe, Athenian red-figure pyxis C5th B.C., University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology
Hebe married Herakles (Heracles) after the hero ascended to Olympos as a god.
Homer, Odyssey 11. 601 ff (trans. Murray) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) : “
Hesiod, Theogony 950 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :”And mighty Herakles (Heracles) . . . made Hebe the child of great Zeus and gold-shod Hera his shy wife in snowy Olympos. Happy he! For he has finished his great works and lives amongst the dying gods, untroubled and unaging all his days.”
Homeric Hymn 15 to Heracles (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th – 4th B.C.) :”He
Pindar, Olympian 6. 57 ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :”And when he
Pindar, Nemean Ode 1. 61 ff :”
Pindar, Nemean Ode 10. 17 ff :”
Pindar, Isthmian Ode 4. 73 ff :”That hero
Bacchylides, Fragment 41 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric IV) (C5th B.C.) :”Unless Zeus gives you Basileia (Princess) for your wife.”
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2. 158 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) :”
Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 4. 39. 3 (trans. Oldfather) (Greek historian C1st B.C.) :”Hera, the myths relate, after she had adopted Herakles in this fashion, joined him in marriage to Hebe, regarding whom the poet
Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. 19. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”Hebe, who they think is the daughter of Zeus and wife to Herakles.”
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 17. 5 – 6 :”By this side of Hera
Aelian, On Animals 17. 46 (trans. Scholfield) (Greek natural history C2nd A.D.) :”Herakles and his spouse
Philostratus the Elder, Imagines 2. 20 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :”Before long you
Ovid, Metamorphoses 9. 396 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”
Propertius, Elegies 1. 13 (trans. Goold) (Roman elegy C1st B.C.) :”The passion of Hercules
Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 8. 230 ff (trans. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) :”When Alcides
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 35. 333 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :”
HEBE & THE REJUVENATION OF IOLAUS
Poseidon, Amphitrite and Hebe, Athenian red-figure stamnos C5th B.C., Toledo Museum of Art
Ovid, Metamorphoses 9. 396 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”Alcmena
HEBE GODDESS OF YOUTH & BRIDES
Hebe was the goddess of youth and of the youthful bride. She was a companion of the wedding gods Hera, Aphrodite, the Kharites (Charites, Graces) and Harmonia (Marital Harmony).
Hesiod, Theogony 5 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :”
Homeric Hymn 3 to Pythian Apollo 186 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th – 4th B.C.) :”
Pindar, Nemean Ode 7. 1 ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :”Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai (Moirae, Fates), child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song. For without thee should we see neither the light of day, nor know the kindly dark, nor win the gift of Hebe (Youth), thy sister, the glorious limbs of youth.”
Pindar, Nemean Ode 8. 1 ff :”O sovereign Hebe (Youth), herald of Aphrodite and her sweet passions born of heaven.”
Ovid, Metamorphoses 7. 241 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”
Ovid, Fasti 6. 65 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”Hercules” wife
For MYTHS of Hebe as the goddess of youth see :(1) Hebe Cupbearer of the Gods (serving the ambrosia of youth to the gods) (2) Hebe & the Rejuvenation of Iolaus
CULT OF HEBE
Zeus, Hera and Hebe, Athenian red-figure amphora C5th B.C., Staatliche AntikensammlungenI. ATHENS Chief City of Attica (Attika) (Southern Greece)
Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. 19. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”There
II. PHLIUS (PHLIOS) Town of Sicyon (Sikyonia) (Southern Greece)
Strabo, Geography 8. 6. 24 (trans. Jones) (Greek geographer C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”In Phlios (Phlius) and Sikyon (Sicyon) the temple of Dia is held in honor; and Dia is their name for Hebe.”
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 12. 4 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :”A second hill on which the Phliasians
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 13. 3 :”On the Phliasian citadel
III. MANTINEA Town in Arcadia (Arkadia) (Southern Greece)
Pausanias, Description of Greece 8. 9. 2 :”A temple of Hera
IV. UNKNOWN LOCATION
Aelian, On Animals 17. 46 (trans. Scholfield) (Greek natural history C2nd A.D.) :”Mnaseas in his work On Europe
JUVENTAS & THE MONTH OF JUNE
Ovid, Fasti 6. 65 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :”Hercules”
Hebe and other gods attending the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, Athenian black-figure dinos C6th B.C., British Museum
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